Net carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions embedded in trade is the net of CO₂ which is imported or exported via traded goods with an economy. A positive value here denotes a country or region is a net importer of CO₂ emissions; a negative value indicates a country is a net exporter.

Data is sourced from the Global Carbon Budget (2018): https://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/18/data.htm. This presents territorial emissions data in addition to consumption-based and emissions transfers. Consumption-based and emissions transfer estimates are produced by the updated paper by Peters et al. (2011).

Data has been converted from tonnes of carbon to tonnes of carbon dioxide by Our World in Data using a conversion factor of 3.664. Figures were also multiplied by -1 such that net exports are shown as a negative value; and net imports as a positive value.

This data has also been calculated by Our World in Data as a share of territorial emissions. This was calculated by dividing emissions transfers (emissions embedded in trade) by a country or region's territorial emissions.

Full reference of the updated paper: Peters, GP, Minx, JC, Weber, CL and Edenhofer, O 2011. Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, 8903-8908.

Reference of the full global carbon budget 2018: Corinne Le Quéré, Robbie M. Andrew, Pierre Friedlingstein, Stephen Sitch, Judith Hauck, Julia Pongratz, Penelope A. Pickers, Jan Ivar Korsbakken, Glen P. Peters, Josep G. Canadell, Almut Arneth, Vivek K. Arora, Leticia Barbero, Ana Bastos, Laurent Bopp, Frédéric Chevallier, Louise P. Chini, Philippe Ciais, Scott C. Doney, Thanos Gkritzalis, Daniel S. Goll, Ian Harris, Vanessa Haverd, Forrest M. Hoffman, Mario Hoppema, Richard A. Houghton, George Hurtt, Tatiana Ilyina, Atul K. Jain, Truls Johannesen, Chris D. Jones, Etsushi Kato, Ralph F. Keeling, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Peter Landschützer, Nathalie Lefèvre, Sebastian Lienert, Zhu Liu, Danica Lombardozzi, Nicolas Metzl, David R. Munro, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Shin-ichiro Nakaoka, Craig Neill, Are Olsen, Tsueno Ono, Prabir Patra, Anna Peregon, Wouter Peters, Philippe Peylin, Benjamin Pfeil, Denis Pierrot, Benjamin Poulter, Gregor Rehder, Laure Resplandy, Eddy Robertson, Matthias Rocher, Christian Rödenbeck, Ute Schuster, Jörg Schwinger, Roland Séférian, Ingunn Skjelvan, Tobias Steinhoff, Adrienne Sutton, Pieter P. Tans, Hanqin Tian, Bronte Tilbrook, Francesco N Tubiello, Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx, Guido R. van der Werf, Nicolas Viovy, Anthony P. Walker, Andrew J. Wiltshire, Rebecca Wright, Sönke Zaehle, Bo Zheng: Global Carbon Budget 2018, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 2018b. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-2141-2018

Sources

Data Published By: (Updated) Peters, GP, Minx, JC, Weber, CL and Edenhofer, O 2011. Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, 8903-8908.

Data publisher source:Authors' input-output modelling of national emissions accounts and global trade

Link: https://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/18/data.htm